• Sir Orfeo: Introduction

Burrow, John A., ed. English Verse 1300-1500. Longman Annotated Anthologies of English Verse, Vol. I. London: Longman, 1977. Pp. 4-27. [Text based on A with Bliss's thirty-eight line prologue.] Cook, A. S. A Literary Middle English Reader. Boston: Ginn, 1915;

• The Tale of Ralph the Collier: Introduction

In Medieval English Romances. Ed. Diane Speed. Sydney: Dept. of English, University of Sydney, 1989. The Tale of Ralph the Collier: An Alliterative Romance. Ed. Elizabeth Walsh. New York: Peter Lang, 1989. Criticism Barron, W. R. J. English Medieval Romance.

• Anticlerical Poems: Lo, He That Can Be Cristes Clerc

For alle the chief of chivalrie: Wel aught hym to waile and wepe, That suyche lust hath in Lollardie. An old castel, and not repaired, With wast walles and wowes wide, The wages ben ful yvel wared With suich a

• Sir Degare: Introduction

Egerton Fragment of Sir Degarre." Neuphilologische Mitteilungen 72 (1971), 86-96. [Study of dialect, orthography, and transcription.] --- ."Old French Degar and Middle English Degarre and Deswarre." Notes and Queries n.s. 17 (1970), 164-65. [Relates OF esgar to ME deswarre found

• Pearl: Introduction

later, writers working in English seldom signed their work. English was perhaps deemed too common and "vernacular" to bear claiming in a world where French had remained the lingua franca of international courtly business and of English high culture since

• Sir Gowther: Introduction

Longman, Hurst, Lees, Orme and Brown, 1817. Mills, Maldwyn, ed. Six Middle English Romances. London: Dent, 1973. Pp. 148-68. Rumble, Thomas C., ed. The Breton Lays in Middle English. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1965. Pp. 179-204 [Uses the Royal

• Poems of Political Prophecy: Thomas of Erceldoune's Prophecy

stunning defeat for the English. Murray argues that the poem may have been composed "on the eve of the Battle of Bannockburn, and circulated under Thomas's name, in order to discourage the Scots and encourage the English in the battle"

• Introduction

that the Book had been originally composed in French rather than English, and soon instead of being celebrated as the first great English traveler or as the father of English prose, the Mandeville-author was being roundly denounced as a plagiarist

• St. Andrew and the Three Questions in the Scottish Legendary (c. 1400): Introduction

English, comprising legends of the twelve apostles, plus the evangelists Luke and Mark, to which are added thirty-five legends of other saints, for the most part selected and arranged according to some as yet uncertain design.23 While no specifically

• Item 26, The King and His Four Daughters: Introduction

The King and His Four Daughters from Ashmole 61.] Sajavaara, Kari, ed. The Middle English Translations of Robert Grosseteste’s Chateau d’Amour. [Prints all four Middle English verse translations, including The King and His Four Daughters from Ashmole 61.] Reference Works

• The Life of St. Benedict: Introduction

and some of the oldest surviving manuscripts of the Dialogues are of Anglo-Saxon provenance. 11 The OldEnglish Martyrology, a ninth-century compilation of OldEnglish prose summaries of and extracts from saints' legends, draws on the Dialogues for its lengthy

• The Palis of Honoure: Introduction

of the language (Northumbrian OldEnglish permeated by Old Norse) spoken by the twelfth-century English immigrants to the burghs of southern and eastern Scotland. By the middle of the fifteenth century, this naturalized variety of English had become the dominant

• The Northern Homily Cycle: Homily 14, Septuagesima Sunday

NIMEV: The New Index of Middle English Verse, ed. Boffey and Edwards; OE: OldEnglish; PL: Patrologia Latina, ed. Migne; Tubach: Index Exemplorum, ed. Tubach; Whiting: Whiting, Proverbs, Sentences and Proverbial Phrases from English Writings Mainly Before 1500. For manuscript

• Stanzaic Morte Arthure

was the French Mort Artu, Malory again turned to English romance and drew on the Stanzaic Morte Arthur. When the English and French versions differed, he almost always preferred the English version, and occasionally he carried over into his own

• Shorter South English Legendary Life of St. Frideswide

kiss kissed; healed; just (t-note) on the day after; [St.] Luke's; (see note) Shorter South English Legendary Life of St. Frideswide, Notes SHORTER SOUTH ENGLISH LEGENDARY LIFE OF ST. FRIDESWIDE: FOOTNOTES 1 Lines 4-6: These were her parents (elders), who

• Hudson, Octavian: Introduction

St. Eustace. The only surviving copy of the Old French romance was made by an Anglo-Norman scribe at the beginning of the fourteenth century. By the middle of that century, two English versions of the romance had appeared, one composed

• Richard the Redeless: Introduction

1987. [Of particular relevance for Mum are Chaps. 5 ("Death Penalty") and 6 ("Heresy and Sedition").] Pearsall, Derek. OldEnglish and Middle English Poetry. London: Routledge and Satirical Songs and Poems on Costume from the 13th to the 19th Century,

• Bevis of Hampton: Introduction

a lost earlier Middle English version of the poem, which in turn is descended from the Anglo-Norman Boeuve de Haumton - are so different from each other that "[i]nstead of speaking of a single Middle English romance of Bevis of

• The Castle of Perseverance: Introduction

battle is not over. During the fight, Mankind has grown old, and as the virtues triumph, Greed quietly approaches the castle and suggests to Mankind that now, in his old age, it would be appropriate to take some comfort in

• THE BOKE OF CUPIDE,GOD OF LOVE: Introduction

59. 47 For more on Middle English debate poetry, see Conlee's general introduction to Middle English Debate Poetry; for more on the dream vision, see Spearing's Medieval Dream-Poetry. 48 See Conlee's discussion of Middle English bird debates, pp. xxii-xxiv. Chaucer's